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Fam014 加拿大离婚判决书,如何申请中国法院的承认与执行?

  • Writer: New Beginning Law
    New Beginning Law
  • Jan 24, 2020
  • 3 min read

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根据中国民事诉讼法的规定,对在外国法院的离婚判决,通过履行一定的审查程序,是可以得到中国法院的承认的。

但是需要特别注意的是,中国人民法院只能就双方解除婚姻关系的判决做出认定,判决中关于夫妻财产的分割、生活费用的负担、子女抚养方面的判决不应在申请范围之内,人民法院不会对此做出承认的认定。


中国公民在加拿大办理离婚,现申请中国院承认其离婚判决的效力,应按以下程序进行:

1. 管辖法院

申请由申请人住所地中级人民法院受理。申请人住所地与经常居住地不一致的,由经常居住地中级人民法院受理。


2. 中国公民申请承认国外离婚判决要提交的材料:

当事人或其代理人申请国内中级人民法院对外国法院离婚判决书的裁定承认,必须向受理法院提供:

1) 申请书;

2) 外国法院离婚判决书正本及经证明无误的中文译文;

3) 若申请人是离婚判决的原告,做出判决的外国法院出具的被告已被合法传唤出庭或合法传唤出庭文件已送达被告的有关证明文件及经证明无误的中文译文;

4) 若判决书中未指明判决已生效或生效时间的,做出判决的外国法院出具的判决已生效的证明文件及经证明无误的中文译文。

特别注意,上述文件应在中国使用,所以需要办理加拿大当地公证,加拿大使馆认证, 中国驻加拿大使馆认证(统称为三级认证)。


3. 中国法院审查程序?哪些离婚判决不会被认可?

首先是文件审查,查看所需文件资料是否齐全。

其次是程序性审查。中级人民法院的法官对加拿大法院的离婚判决要进行以下内容的审查,如果属于以下五种情况是不予承认的:

1) 判决尚未发生法律效力;

2) 做出判决的外国法院案件没有管辖权;

3) 判决是在被告缺席且未得到合法传唤的情况下做出的;

4) 该当事人之间的离婚案件,我国法院正在审理或已经做出判决,或第三国法院对当事人做出的离婚案件判决已为我国法院承认的;

5) 判决违反我国法律的基本原则或者危害我国国家主权、安全和社会公共利益。


举例说明,李先生或张女士在中国结婚生子,后来全家移民至加拿大,但是李先生在国内有生意基本在中国,张女士在孩子在加拿大生活,由于长期两地分居,感情生变,张女士在加拿大法院起诉要求和在国内的丈夫离婚,判决书下达后,她委托国内亲属到中级人民法院申请认证。中级法院查明,该判决是在没有合法传唤李先生的情况下做出的,而且没有履行合法送达程序,故判决未发生法律效力。因为该判决没有得到承认,所以张女士只能在中国重新起诉离婚。


加拿大离婚判决申请中国法院承认,需要注意那些问题?

1) 对外国法院的离婚判决的承认,作出的裁定为终结裁定,不得上诉。

2) 人民法院受理承认外国法院离婚判决的申请后,对方当事人向人民法院起诉离婚的,人民法院不予受理。

3) 当事人之间的婚姻虽经外国法院判决,但未向人民法院申请承认的,不妨碍当事人一方另行向人民法院提出离婚诉讼。

4) 申请人的申请被驳回后,不得再提出申请,但可以另行向人民法院起诉离婚。


免责:此信息为公共法律信息,非法律专业意见,仅供参考。如需法律服务,请联络新起点律师事务所(613)225-8425

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