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Fam005 同居年代,你签同居协议了么?

  • Writer: New Beginning Law
    New Beginning Law
  • Nov 5, 2019
  • 2 min read

Updated: Nov 21, 2019


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同居,已然成为这个时代普遍甚至流行的一种生活方式。都市男女一边享受亲密无间的爱情,一边保持随时撤退的自由。


然而,两个人好的时候一切都好,分开的时候可就不那么简单了。很多人并没有意识到,有朝一日分手的时候,不同于婚姻,法律对同居关系保护的程度是非常有限的。比如在财产分割方面,同居伴侣,与结婚夫妻截然不同,不享有安省家庭法法定的财产权利。通常,家具、家庭财产与其它财产归属其购买者。同居伴侣也没有分享其带入同居关系的财产之增值部分的权利。


如果您为同居伴侣购买的财产做出了经济贡献,但是产权在对方名下,该怎么办?对于同居伴侣,在双方没有签署有效同居协议的情况下,如想分享登记在对方名下的财产,只能向法院起诉对方不当得利(Unjust Enrichment),通过回归信托(resulting trust)和推定信托(constructive trust)争取自己的经济利益。


大家都知道在加拿大打官司程序漫长,且耗费精力、财力。除事后司法诉讼外,是否有其他方式有效保护当事人的合法权益呢?同居伴侣可签署一份同居协议(Cohabitation Agreement)以保护各自的权利。同居协议是双方在意思表示真实、自愿平等的基础上签订的协议。同居协议可清楚地阐明同居伴侣双方对财务和家庭安排的期望。它可以写明谁拥有在你们同居期间所购物品的所有权。它可以规定在同居关系终结时需支付多少赡养费, 以及你们的财产应如何分割。它还可写明在同居关系终结时谁必须搬离住宅等等。


为保证同居协议的有效性,在签署同居协议前,同居伴侣应彼此向对方披露财务信息,咨询各自的律师并获得独立法律意见(Independent legal advice)。如双方未披露财务信息,该同居协议有可能会受到有效性挑战,以及被法院推翻或变更。


同时,对于同居协议的签署,安省家庭法规定了程序性要求。同居伴侣必须在证人前签署同居协议,以使其具有法律效力。该证人也必须在这份协议上签字。一旦签署了同居协议,同居伴侣必须遵守其规定。如果同居伴侣中的一方对协议不满意或有异议,可以友好协商对协议进行修改。任何修改必须是书面的,并需要在证人前签字。


尽管有很多人认为在开始一段关系前“签协议”有伤感情,但是越来越多的同居伴侣理性选择签署同居协议。例如个人财产或收入悬殊的同居伴侣越来越倾向于签署同居协议。很多同居伴侣在共同购买房产前均会签署同居协议,对于首付、按揭还款比例以及分手时产权分配比例进行有效约定。大家“先小人后君子”,明言在先,从而可以避免后续的纷争与官司。此外,同居关系一旦破裂,女性往往更容易成为受害者,因此签署一份有效保护自身合法权益的同居协议是非常必要的。


免责:此信息为公共法律信息,非法律专业意见,仅供参考。如需法律服务,请联络新起点律师事务所 (613)225-8425.

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