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Fam011 继父母情形下是否需要支付抚养费?

  • Writer: New Beginning Law
    New Beginning Law
  • Jan 24, 2020
  • 3 min read

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在现代社会,随着人们对自由和幸福的向往以及相应的离婚率的大幅升高,新的混合家庭越来越常见。比如以下情形:A为单身母亲,带着一个三岁孩子。A与B相知相恋后,两人结婚。新式混合家庭的出现,带来相应的问题,比如现A与B面临分居,这种情形下,B是否要支付A的孩子的抚养费?


如果这个故事发生在中国,是这样的结局:

根据中国最高人民法院《关于人民法院审理离婚案件处理子女抚养问题的若干具体意见》的规定,生父与继母或生母与继父离婚时,对曾受其教育的继子女,继父或继母不同意继续抚养的,仍由其生父母抚养。换言之,法律不要求继父母给付继子女抚养费。如果继父母自愿同意抚养继子女或给付抚养费的,法律也不反对。


如果这个故事发生在加拿大安省,结局会复杂一些:

首先要判定继父母是否对继子女有支付抚养费的法律义务?根据加拿大离婚法案(Divorce Act),判断标准是继父母是否“承担了父母应尽的养育责任”(stands in the place of a parent)。根据安省家庭法(Family Law Act), 判断标准是继父母是否表现出明确的意图(Settled intention)将继子女视同为自己的家庭成员。尽管两个判断标准在语言描述上略有不同,但其实质是一样的,且两个判断标准相辅相成。


被诉至法庭的被索要抚养费的继父母往往会说自己没有主观意愿将继子女视为自己的家庭成员,从而试图逃避法律责任。但是法庭会根据双方的事实证据来做客观判断,而不会仅仅信赖当事人所陈述的个人主观意愿。通常法官会考量以下因素,从而做出客观判决:

· 继父母是否给与继子女经济支持?

· 继父母是否会教育或管教继子女?

· 继父母是否在孩子、家庭以及外人面前以父母身份自居?

· 继子女和生父母的关系如何?

· 继子女是否会像亲身子女一样参与家庭生活?

· 继子女如何看待他/她与继父母的关系?


法官通盘考虑以上因素及其他个案中的情形后,会客观判断继父母是否符合了上述的“承担父母应尽的养育责任”或“明确的意图将继子女视同为自己的家庭成员”标准。如符合此标准,则继父母将对继子女有支付抚养费的法律责任。换句话说,在一个家庭中,一旦确立了父母与子女的关系,继父母不能单方终止此关系,避免法律抚养责任。


在确定了继父母有抚养继子女的法律责任的前提下,接下来的问题是需要支付多少抚养费?在亲生父母同时承担抚养费的情况下,如何分摊抚养费?这两个往往息息相关。


关于如何在亲生父母和继父母之间分摊抚养费的问题,加拿大离婚法案和安省家庭法都没有给与明确规定,没有一个统一的公式或方法予以计算,不同的法官会依据个案案情采取了不同的

分摊方式:

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总之,法庭会根据个案案情,基于抚养费指南确定的金额,在保证子女的最大利益前提下,予以一个合理公正的判决。


免责:此信息为公共法律信息,非法律专业意见,仅供参考。如需法律服务,请联络新起点律师事务所(613)225-8425

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